Khmer Empire
History
The establishment and progress
Rajoy Jayavarman 3-founder of Angkor
The first data about the spoil Jayavarman 3 K.235 from the inscription on a stele in temple stock northeastern Thailand. Dated 1053 AD.. Is counted back two and a half centuries of service to members of the founding family's main palace Khmer temples as chief chaplains of the Shaivite Hindu religion. [7]
Archers mounted on elephant back
Through the description of a long King spoil Jayavarman 3 was supposed to be a prince who lived in the palace of the Sailendra dynasty in Java (Indonesia today) and brought home the art and culture of Sailendran court Java to the mvou NEC but Shawcross back. [8] This classical theory was reiterated by modern scholars such as Claude - Kazakhstan (Claude Jacques) [9] and Michael Vickery, etc. - Voice severity (Michael Vickery), who noted that Khmer called Java is Chams its neighbors instead. [10] Moreover, the political life of his plunder Bhavavarman began in Vyādhapura men (probably Banteay Saigon) in eastern Cambodia, which created a relationship for a long time with them (for there were skirmishes as inscriptions, some raised ) than sitting for a long time in distant Java even more. [11] Finally, many early temples on Phnom Kulen shows the influence Champ (eg. Prasat) and Java (eg. temple outset is temple monastery factory China and castles adapter), although asymmetric's castle seems typically Khmer. [12]
Bakong Temple, one of the first temple in Khmer architecture
After he finally returned to his home country, a former police mvou he quickly built his influence subsequently conquered by the king that is competitive and in the year 790 BC.. He became king of a kingdom called mvou Khmer Shawcross. In subsequent years, he has expanded his territory and finally founded his new capital at Hariharalaya Roluos a nearby town in the country. Thereby, he has expanded the scope Angkor from construction of approximately 15 km.. To the northwest. In 802 he declared himself as Church Chakravartin, Rituals, which according to Indian tradition. Thereby he not only appointed by the gods but also superior leadership, but at the same time, he also announced his independent Nakorn Java. King spoil Jayavarman 3 died in the year 834 AD., And he was succeeded by his son, King spoil Jayavarman 4. [13] King spoil Jayavarman 4 died in the year 877 AD., And was succeeded by King Indra Jayavarman 1.
Yasodharapura - the first city of Angkor
The temple and the mausoleum of King Jayavarman 1
Kings reign Following spoil Jayavarman 3 subsequently expanded the territory of Cambodia. Indra Jayavarman 1 (reign AD. 877-889) managed to expand the kingdom without wars, and he began extensive building projects, thanks to the wealth gained through trade and agriculture. First Preah Ko and irrigation handiwork. He was succeeded by his son Jayavarman key 1 (reigned c. 889-915) established a new capital key advances the first city of Angkor.
Central temple was built on a hill Bakheng springing up hills 60 m above the plain on which Angkor sits. Under the leadership of King Jayavarman 1 East Baray was also created a huge pool of 7.5 x 1.8 km..
Beginning of the 10th century, the kingdom's internal divisions. Rajoy Jayavarman 5 established a new capital in the raw Koki (penis men) at a distance of 100 km., Slightly northeast of Angkor. Only with Rajendravarman Jayavarman 2 (reigned 944-968 BC.), Who moved back Yasodharapura Palace. He made plans again the construction of the first and subsequent construction of the temple in the Angkor area, not only the East Mebon on an island in the middle of the East Baray, many Buddhist temples and monasteries were built. In the year 950 AD. The First World War occurred between Cambodia and Champa kingdom in the east (in the modern central Vietnam).
Thommanon
From c. 968 to 1001 are added to the son of the 2nd with Rajendravarman Bhavavarman spoil Jayavarman 6. After he had appointed himself become the new king on the other prince, his rule is very peaceful era marked by prosperity and cultural blossom. He established a new capital near the study advances Jayendranagari. In the court of plunder Jayavarman 6 philosophers, scholars and artists. New castle was built: Banteay Srei temple is to be regarded as a temple in Angkor, the most beautiful and artistic and Temple was the first first Angkorian temple built completely of sandstone. A decade of conflict continued after the death of the spoil Jayavarman 6. The kings who reigned only for a few years, is to be switched off by the subsequent violence by his successors until eventually Suryavarman Jayavarman 1 (reigned c. 1010-1050) was the kingdom throne. Under his leadership has been marked by repeated attempts by his enemies to overthrow him by military conquests. In the West, he has expanded to the city police in Thailand today in the south to the Kra Isthmus. At Angkor, construction of the West Baray began under the leadership of King Suryavarman Jayavarman 1 second big pool (8 by 2.2 km.) After the East Baray. No one knows whether he has a son or Queen.
Suryavarman 2nd Jayavarman - Angkor Wat
khmer map
Buddhist monks at WatThe 11th century was the period of conflict and brutal power struggles. Only Suryavarman Jayavarman 2 alone (reigned 1113-1150), which makes the kingdom united territory and extended externally. Under the direction of the largest temples of Angkor were built in the past 37 years: Angkor Wat, dedicated to Vishnu. Suryavarman Jayavarman 2 conquered kingdoms of Haribhunjaya west (central Thailand today) and the western region far to the border kingdom of Bagan (Burma modern) in the south to the Malay Peninsula (almost island of Malay) down to the kingdom hectares (which roughly matches the oars continued Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand, modern) in the eastern provinces, most of Champa and some countries in the north, up to the southern border of Laos modern. Suryavarman Jayavarman 2 has sent a delegation to the royal thrown in the southern Indian and offered precious stones to the Emperor tribe Genesis Meteorology toilet disposal 1 c. 1114. [14] the death of King Suryavarman Jayavarman 2 remains controversial yet. The last inscription commemorates his name associated with the Vietnamese invasion, organized according to the plan, starting in 1145. He died during the failed military expedition on the Dai Viet territory around the year 1145 and 1150.
And another consecutive period in which the kings who reigned in the short term and was overthrown by the violence because he succeeded his. Finally, in 1177 mvou was defeated in a naval battle on the Tonle Sap Cham army and was incorporated as a province of Champa.
The war between the Khmer and the kingdom of Champa
Khmer inscriptions and early Chinese historical documents, we note that the country has always been faced with war against the kingdom of Champa often. Because in Southeast Asia or ethnic confrontation Only Khmer and Cham. This war is a war territory veatamnach influence that brings the most severe catastrophic consequences for the fate of Champa.
The beginning of the kingdom of Champa
Cham originated from the Malay or Javanese and Malay police who live in the region, Malaysia and Indonesia today. At the beginning of the 1st century AD the famous Cham art of traveling by sea came to occupy the territory between the Annamite mountain range and the sea. Border territory in the north of Tonkin and the South China provinces next to the Khmer Kampuchea Krom territory. Port is a narrow territory with natural barriers (mountains Annam) prison in the west and the east (China Sea). In the 2nd century AD Cham held territory became a kingdom called Champa kingdom that Chinese passenger named Lin Yi. The first time in its history, the kingdom of Champa was influenced India and Hindu worship. Champ things always proclaimed himself King of Shiva Statue. [15]
The cause of the war, Khmer and Champa
Narrow its territory by increasing the number of people and on the other hand due to the mountain on the west wall Annam high buildings can not pass through the kingdom of Champa no means anything outside of it territory down or up. From 4th to 3rd century AD strengthen all offensive attack seized the Chinese province of Tonkin. But the war did not seem to bring success to the kingdom of Champa. Vietnamese replied Champ unruly space and moved the capital Indrapura down at the staffs and organic matter. Then Cham Capital rubber materials. Moreover, at times the kingdom of Champa Java boat against pirates attacked the ship came and invaded killings often devastating harm to steal and burn from AD 765 to 787. Chinese-dominated army in Tonkin had demolished Champa subjugated. Then.. 1045 Champ defeat the Vietnamese Army troops seized preahreachtheani Indrapura and steal crops Champ's resource wealth. C.. 1061 Cham province's territory Vietnamese as Vietnamese territory. Is the situation so that the kingdom of Champa must advance direction collided expansion down south or towards Cambodia. The first filter down into Khmer territory without an attack or war. Is a small group of thieves who steal killing Khmer people to live. Territory Khmer kingdom district seems not yet exist. They gang Cham Khmer kings sometimes attack killed demolished auction Sometimes he was allowed to live on Khmer territory to serve the political interests Khmer. But come.. 809, in the reign of Jayavarman Jayavarman 3 with a Champ filled a huge army kingdom of Champa was widely military battalion to attack the Khmer kingdom. Champ army failed wreckage scattered all melted. The crisis between the Khmer and Cham continued steadily grew to time. C.. 945-946 dispute Khmer-strong Cham highly limited outbreak of a war. Army leadership of the King Khmer Krom Rajendravarman Jayavarman repelling rid Champ fought hacked troops stormed the kingdom of Champa and take preahreachtheani rubber materials. Champ written inscription talks about this war that the Khmer troops had stolen statues she taxonomy analysis of gold. And accommodation war between the Khmer and Cham kingdom for more than 75 years. Only within the last kingdom of Champa received tremendous pressure from the Vietnamese attacks Champa seemed turned to seek the support of the country. [16]
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